Commercial and military operations at sea and ashore across the globe are in the throes of technological and organisational transformation led by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies. These are impacting every aspect of the maritime industry necessitating up-skilling, reskilling and retooling. Industry leaders recognize the importance of 4IR and are adopting innovative models for their operations. Likewise, techno-naval transformation led by 4IR technology is underway and several navies are developing new strengths to fight future wars. Great powers are investing in 4IR technologies and pursuing competitive national strategies with the goal of technological dominance, thus maintaining a favourable balance of power at the regional and global levels.