This book conducts detailed textual research and research on the ancient documents and materials related to the Silk Road in the East and the West, and seeks mutual confirmation of documents in different languages, so as to confirm the historical facts of ancient East-West exchanges. The whole book is divided into three parts, the first volume, the second volume, and the attached volume. It has detailed textual research and unique comparative research on ancient Chinese and foreign books such as Mu Tianzi Biography, Illustrated Records of the Western Regions, History, and Geography. The research scope of this series is the history of Central Asia from the sixth century BC to the sixth century AD. There are various original materials for the history of Central Asia in this period, among which Chinese materials are undoubtedly the most critical. It can be said that without Chinese materials, the history of Central Asia during this period cannot be constructed. Scholars in the West (including India and Russia) have been studying the history of Central Asia during this period for a century and a half, with remarkable achievements. Its main shortcoming is that it does not make full use of Chinese historical materials. Compensating for this shortcoming are Japanese scholars. Counting from Koji Shiratori, at least four generations of scholars have devoted themselves to the study of Central Asian history during this period, and their main feature is the use of Chinese historical materials. It is a pity that Japanese scholars seldom translate their works into English, and most Western scholars do not know Japanese, so the relevant achievements of Japanese scholars are rarely cited.