Appointing people on their merits and selecting talents and abilities are the essence of ancient Chinese official administration. This book selects historical stories from classics, history, and Zibu classics for interpretation. The first chapter explains the importance of Renxian, and discusses that whether officials are virtuous or not is related to the prosperity and decline of the country, the righteous and evil work and rest of the monarch, and the good and evil of the people. The second chapter explains the standard of virtuous talents, taking the virtuous person, the filial and honest person, the direct admonition person, and the recommended virtuous person as examples. The third chapter explains the selection of talents, which involves the inspection of talents, the key of recommending talents, letting talents, and the two systems of selecting talents: the examination system and the imperial examination system. The fourth chapter explains meritocracy, and discusses four important aspects in the appointment process, namely, respecting talents, identifying talents, adopting wise mens suggestions, and rewarding talents. China has always followed meritocracy, and the influence of meritocracy continues to this day. Learning the wisdom of selecting talents and talents from history can provide a useful reference for selecting and employing talents today.