In this well researched empirical study the author has examined the social structure of the Uralis, a primitive tribe in Idukkui district in kerala. The Uralis, says the author, have a social system that is harmonic; they have few contacts outside of their own society. This is clear from the fact that none of the tribal welfare programmes which the government have launched to change their lot yielded any result. As the style of life of the Uralis was exclusively their own, they did not feel the indispensability of the government aid. Their social structure has remained till today what it was yesterday.