In the 10th century, the Commanders, who were members of noble military families, rose to defend the eastern border of Cappadocia from the Byzantines. From the end of the 9th century to the last quarter of the 11th century, these elites who had built up enough strength to challenge the central power, built many churches, which were reflections of the socio-political situations of the time. Although it is not as widely known, the region of Cappadocia houses some of the most prominent examples of Mid Byzantine period (843-1204) architectural and monumental paintings. The Icons, murals and book illustrations were the centre of religious life during this era. Their artistic and historical significance lay in the fact that these churches portray the tastes of both the owner and craftsmen, often giving us clues to the religious beliefs and social life of the time. This book, a product of a long endeavour, was written based on multiple visits to the various sites where the murals were thoroughly examined first hand. The book consists of two chapters, complete with a glossary and bibliography at the end. The religious stories discussed in the book are complemented with high resolution photographs, with added various symbols and arrows. First part of the book takes the reader through the churches found today in the Goreme Open Air Museum. Focus will be on art history, while examining the architecture including the frescos inside. The second part of the book will guide the reader through the architectural and decorative aspects of the churches found around the town of Goreme, which are not part of the Open Air Museum. Many of these churches have been closed, but are still homes to many colorful paintings. I sincerely hope this book will be useful for those who will visit and research the Goreme Open Air Museum and the churches around it in the future.